Excitation Mode Of DC Motor

The excitation method refers to the way in which the magnetic field is generated in the rotating electrical machine. The excitation method of the DC motor is divided into four types:

Separately excited DC motor

There is no connection between the excitation winding and the armature winding, and the DC motor powered by other DC power sources to the excitation winding is called a separately excited DC motor, and a permanent magnet DC motor can also be regarded as a separately excited or self-excited DC motor, which is generally called excitation The method is permanent magnet.

Shunt DC Motor

The excitation winding of a shunt DC motor is connected in parallel with the armature winding. As a shunt generator, the terminal voltage from the motor itself supplies power to the excitation winding; as a shunt motor, the excitation winding and the armature share the same power supply , in terms of performance, it is the same as the separately excited DC motor.

Series Excited DC Motor

The excitation winding of the series-excited DC motor is connected in series with the armature winding, and then connected to the DC power supply. The excitation current of such a DC motor is the armature current.

Compound Excitation DC Motor

The compound excitation DC motor has two excitation windings, shunt excitation and series excitation. If the magnetomotive force generated by the series excitation winding is in the same direction as the magnetomotive force generated by the shunt excitation winding, it is called product compound excitation. If the two magnetomotive forces are in opposite directions, it is called differential compound excitation.

DC motors with different excitation methods have different characteristics. In general, the main excitation modes of DC motors are shunt excitation, series excitation and compound excitation, and the main excitation modes of DC generators are separately excitation, shunt excitation and compound excitation.